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| BUYERS GUIDES |
23 / 03 / 06 |
Getting underneath your under layers |  | | |
It's one of those things that initially you resent having to buy, but once you've worn a decent base layer, you won't be able to go back! Every good sailor knows the importance of layering, though most people put the emphasis on the outer layer for waterproofing and breathability, or on the mid layer for warmth. That doesn't mean the base isn't just as important though.
Constantly in contact with your skin, a base layer is responsible for keeping you dry and comfortable. The construction and wicking of the fabric spreads perspiration over a large surface area, allowing it to evaporate quickly. Seams and fastenings are designed to minimise skin irritation to the skin and maximise freedom of movement. There is a large range of base layers widely available, but before you decide, consider these issues: Style, Fit and Material.
Style
When pondering style, you need to think about when you'll be wearing it. There's a lot to cvhoose from (long sleeve, short sleeve, crew neck, v-neck, etc.), and as they can be quite pricey, you probably won't want to fork out for one of each. The style should be relevant to your functional requirements; think about the other kit you have and what will work best with it. For example, if you have a half zip fleece mid layer, you might want to go for a polo neck to prevent the zip irritating your skin. Similarly, if you are a summer sailor who goes abroad, short sleeves might be preferable.
The weight of the fabric is also important as this influences body temperature. Light weight garments will have good wicking abilities and keep you cool, whereas heavier items may be constructed of micro fleece with more fibres to catch air and keep you warm. Make sure it is only micro fleece though. Anything thicker will be too bulky for moisture to evaporate quickly and can restrict movement.
Fit
Base layer garments should fit close to the body to absorb moisture more effectively. If you use your normal clothes' size as a guide you should be alright, but "try before you buy" whenever possible. You don't want your base layer to be too tight as it will restrict your movement, and remember that you need to retain a small layer of air between you and the fabric for warmth. If you buy a layer that's too big however, it can bunch up around the groin and armpit areas causing chafing. There will also be too much air to be heated by your body and the thermal quality will be lost.
Material
Different fabrics have different qualities; the right choice depends on you.
- Polyester and other synthetics - these are the most common materials used to make base layers, the best choice for longer garments due to their exceptional wicking abilities. They provide a good combination of moisture management and thermal properties as well as being cheap to make, and therefore cheap to buy.
- Silk - this is the most expensive material for under garments, but far lighter than its rivals. Silk is a natural fibre, which is hypoallergenic so it won't cause anyone skin irritation, and it has excellent wicking abilities. This is a good choice for those maintaining high levels of movement, and is advisable for those who suffer from odour problems with synthetics!
- Wool - again it is more expensive than synthetics, but being a natural fibre it has excellent wicking abilities. It is also much more fibrous than other yarns so it has brilliant thermal qualities and works especially well for winter activities. If you are allergic to wool, it is worth trying a merino wool option. It tends to be more expensive again, but keeps its shape much better than ordinary wool, as well as not irritating the skin.
- Blends - these take the best qualities from a range of different materials and amalgamate them into one. They are good for using the under layer in a variety of situations (sailing and skiing, etc.).
- Anti-bacterial/Anti-microbial - some fabrics are treated with anti-bacterial/anti-microbial coating which helps reduce bacteria or microbes, including mildews and moulds. If you're going to be wearing the same gear for several days without washing them (for your adventure through the storms round the Horn, for instance), these treatments are advisable.
So, now you know the inside story, you can get going with base layers that don't smell, don't hold moisture, and, most importantly, keep you warm. Happy shopping!
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